Browsing Technical Reports by Title
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Haberl, J. S.; Culp, C.; Yazdani, B. (Energy Systems Laboratory, August 2007)[more][less]
Abstract: In the pages that follow, 15% above-code measures for new commercial buildings are presented for the 41 non-attainment and affected counties in Texas, separated by climate area. Each page contains a description of the individual measures and combined measures that achieve 15% above-code savings, which are based on ASHRAE Standard 90.1-1999. These measures include envelope, HVAC systems, and plant equipment. Annual energy and demand savings, estimated costs, simple payback, and NOx emissions reductions are provided for commercial buildings.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/93351 Files in this item: 1
ESL-TR-07-08-03.pdf (785.5Kb) -
Haberl, J. S.; Culp, C.; Yazdani, B. (Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), August 2007)[more][less]
Abstract: In the pages that follow, 15% above-code measures for new residential buildings are presented for the 41 non-attainment and affected counties in Texas, separated by climate area. Each page contains a description of the individual measures and combined measures that achieve 15% above-code savings, which are based on the 2001 IECC. These measures include envelope, HVAC systems, and plant equipment. Annual energy savings, estimated costs, simple payback, and NOx emissions reductions are provided for commercial buildings.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/93350 Files in this item: 1
ESL-TR-07-08-02.pdf (1.237Mb) -
Yazdani, Bahman; Culp, Charles; Haberl, Jeff (September 2009)[more][less]
Abstract: In accordance with the Health and Safety Code Section 388.003, as amended, the Laboratory reviewed and considered the comments received and performed a technical analysis that compared the stringency of the Texas Building Energy Performance Standards, based on the 2000 International Energy Conservation Code with the 2001 Supplement (2000/2001 IECC), to the 2009 IECC and Chapter 11 of the 2009 IRC.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/90988 Files in this item: 1
ESL-TR-09-08-04.pdf (123.9Kb) -
Unknown author (Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), June 2010)[more][less]
Abstract: In March, 2010, The Energy Systems Laboratory at Texas A&M University conducted a Code Survey of Texas Jurisdictions having populations greater than 25,000. The results for Energy Code Adoption are as follows.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/93373 Files in this item: 1
ESL-TR-10-06-01.pdf (752.8Kb) -
Sweeney, J., Jr.; Lockhart, D.; Haberl, J. S. (Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), Texas A&M University, 2001)[more][less]
Abstract: The Energy and Environmental Data System (EEDS) is a web application that facilitates web-based viewing of the Energy Systems Lab's extensive building energy databases. EEDS is the initial framework for a growing set of internet energy analysis tools.
Description: The information included in this report represents the LoanSTAR and Technical Assistance deliverables Task C - Numbers One and Four, "Access and Display LoanSTAR Data via the Internet for Interested Agencies" and "Internet Data Logging and Display". The material included in this report represent the work of several individuals at Texas A&M University's Energy Systems Lab, namely Mark Simoneau, James Sweeney and Ben Sommers, as well as review and comments by the LoanSTAR Principle Investigators.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2025 Files in this item: 1
ESL-TR-01-12-01.pdf (5.256Mb) -
Bou-Saada, T. E. (Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), Texas A&M University; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 1994)[more][less]
Abstract: This manual outlines the procedures to collect data, poll the datalogger, and process the data. The processed data is then used with a calibrated DOE-2 input file using statistical graphing routines for the U.S.D.O.E. Forrestal Child Development Center. Appendix A contains the data processing routines. Appendix B contains the final calibrated input file. Appendix C contains processing and column merging routines. Appendix D contains the SAS graphical routines. Appendix E contains a solar conversion routine that converts data collected at an 18 degree south facing tilt to global horizontal solar data. Appendix F contains information on the channel tables for the loggers located at the Forrestal building and the Forrestal Child Development Center.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2140 Files in this item: 1
ESL-TR-94-12-01.pdf (24.58Mb) -
Haberl, J. S. (Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), Texas A&M University, 2001)[more][less]
Abstract: This report contains engineering calculations for four (4) air-side, heating, ventilating and air-conditioning systems (HVAC) systems, including: dual duct constant volume (DDCAV), dual duct variable volume (DDVAV), constant volume with reheat (CAVRH), and variable volume with reheat (VAVRH). These calculations are presented in spreadsheets that include a running commentary so that the reader can trace through the calculations to see what is being performed. Each system also contains a one-line diagram that shows the system being simulated and the location of the variables used in the calculation.
Description: These calculations are useful for developing educational materials, and can be used to check the values obtained from a computer simulation program that contain the exact same schematic as is shown for each system. With only a few exceptions, the formulas for the calculations have come from the ASHRAE Handbook, as indicated in the spreadsheet narrative. These spreadsheets were developed in Lotus *.wkl format and can be run in any spreadsheet that accepts Lotus *.wkl format. To use the spreadsheets, the user loads the spreadsheet, updates only the values needed and recalculates the spreadsheet manually. Calculations are repeated column-wise in the spreadsheet to reach convergence. Each calculation represents one set of conditions. To obtain answers for multiple conditions, the user will need to enter the new conditions and recalculate for each set of conditions.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2012 Files in this item: 1
ESL-TR-01-03-01.pdf (9.848Mb) -
Haberl, J. S.; Bou-Saada, T. E.; Saman, N. F. (Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), Texas A&M University, 2001)[more][less]
Abstract: This report contains engineering calculations for seven (7) air-side, heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems (HVAC) systems, including: dual duct constant volume (DDCAV), dual duct variable volume (DDVAV), constant volume with reheat (CAVRH), and variable volume with reheat (VAVRH), four pipe fan coil unit (FC), four pipe induction unit (FI), and a single zone air conditioning system (SZ). These calculations are presented in spreadsheets that include a running commentary so that the reader can trace through the calculations to see what is being performed. Each system also contains a one-line diagram that shows the system being simulated and the location of the variables used in the calculation.
Description: These calculations were developed as part of the ASHRAE 865-RP project, and include tables that list the results for the 865-RP accuracy tests, as well as the test conditions. These spreadsheets are also useful for developing educational materials, and can be used to check the values obtained from a computer simulation program that contain the exact same schematic as is shown for each system. With only a few exceptions, the formulas for the calculations have come from the ASHRAE Handbook, as indicated in the spreadsheet narrative. These spreadsheets were developed in the most basic Lotus *.wk1 format and can be run in any spreadsheet that accepts Lotus *.wk1 format. To use the spreadsheets the user loads the spreadsheet, updates only the values needed and recalculates the spreadsheet manually (i.e., press the F9 button). Calculations are repeated column-wise in the spreadsheet to reach convergence. Each calculation represents one set of conditions. To obtain answers for multiple conditions the user will need to enter the new conditions and recalculate for each set of conditions.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2011 Files in this item: 1
ESL-TR-01-02-02.pdf (266.3Kb) -
Verdict, Malcolm; Haberl, Jeff S.; Liu, Zi; Kim, Hyojin (August 2009)[more][less]
Abstract: The purpose of this report is to provide an analysis of residential energy efficiency and renewable measures that would exceed the 2009 edition of the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) in the ONCOR service territory. This information is useful to homebuilders, utility demand side energy managers, homeowners and others who wish to construct buildings that exceed the minimum national energy code requirements. A total of 17 measures based on the energy savings above the base-case house were selected. These measures include Renewable Power Options, Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC), Fenestration, Envelope, Lighting and Domestic Hot Water (DHW) options. Individual measures were then categorized into four groups: 0 to 5%, 5 to 10%, and 10 to 15% and above 15% source energy savings above the base-case house. After categorizing, three example groups were formed combining the individual measures so that the combined source energy savings of the group is 15% above the base-case 2009 code-compliant house. The savings achieved by each group ranged from 15 to 28%. The photovoltaic options presented the most savings in the range of 12-42% for all base-case houses. The analysis was performed using an ESL simulation model based on the DOE-2.1e simulation of a 2009 IECC code-compliant, single-family residence. Two sets of simulations based on the choice of heating fuel type were considered: (a) an air-conditioned house with natural-gas heating/domestic water heating (i.e., gas-fired furnace for space heating and gas water heater for domestic water heating), and (b) an air-conditioned house with electric heating/domestic water heating (i.e., heat pump for space heating and electric water heater for domestic water heating). Version 3.03.02 of the Energy Systems Laboratory’s International Code Compliance Calculator (IC3) was used with the appropriate TMY2 weather files. Different counties in the ONCOR territory were grouped according to 2009 IECC Climate Zone; and finally, two zones—Climate Zone 2 and 3—were identified and analyzed.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/88027 Files in this item: 1
ESL-TR-09-08-01.pdf (554.5Kb) -
O'Neal, D. L.; Boecker, C. L.; Murphy, W. E.; Notman, J. R. (Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), Texas A&M University; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 1986)[more][less]
Abstract: The objectives of this study included: (1) development of classes of heat pumps, (2) evaluation and selection of a suitable heat pump design model, (3) characterization of suitable baseline heat pump designs, (4) selection of design options that can be used to improve heat pump efficiency, and (5) development of heat pump designs to cover the whole spectrum of efficiencies available today and those that may be technologically feasible in the next few years.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2130 Files in this item: 1
ESL-TR-86-05-01.pdf (35.83Mb) -
O'Neal, D. L.; Boecker, C. L.; Penson, S. B. (Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), Texas A&M University; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 1986)[more][less]
Abstract: This report summarizes: (1) the performance improvements possible for central air conditioners and heat pumps using conventional design improvements, (2) the development of a methodology for estimating the seasonal performance of variable speed heat pumps and air conditioners, and (3) the estimated maximum efficiency levels that are technically feasible for variable speed heat pumps and air conditioners. This report builds on the work summarized in an earlier report from the Energy Systems Laboratory[2].
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2152 Files in this item: 1
ESL-TR-86-08-01.pdf (25.24Mb) -
O'Neal, D. L.; Murphy, W. E. (Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, 1985)[more][less]
Abstract: The objectives of this study included: (1) development of classes of heat pumps, (2) evaluation and selection of a suitable heat pump design model, (3) characterization of suitable baseline heat pump designs, (4) selection of design options that can be used to improve heat pump efficiency, and (5) development of heat pump designs to cover the whole spectrum of efficiencies available today and those that may be technologically feasible in the next few years.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1974 Files in this item: 1
ESL-TR-85-05-03.pdf (33.70Mb) -
O'Neal, D. L.; Penson, S. B. (Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), Texas A&M University; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 1988)[more][less]
Description: In 1976, the U.S. Congress passed the National Energy Conservation Policy Act (NECPA) P.L. 95-619, which requires the imposition of minimum efficiency standards on eight major household appliances. The law required that the proposed standards be both technologically feasible and economically justifiable. One of the appliances for standards consideration was the room air conditioner (RAC). In 1980 the Department of Energy first proposed minimum efficiency standards on new room air conditioners on seven other appliances[1]. In 1983, "no standard" standards were issued by DOE for all eight appliances because the energy savings of standards were not significant enough to justify minimum efficiency standards.[2] The "no standard" standards were challenged in court ion 1984. In 1985, the "no standard" standards were ruled unlawful [3]. In 1983 However, due to a court challenge of the 1982 standards, they were not allowed. In 1987, Congress passed the National Appliance Energy Conservation Act (NAECA), P.L. 100-12 which specified minimum efficiency levels for major appliances, including RACs (Table 1.1). The minimum efficiency standards for RACs must be met by January 1, 1990. Periodically, the Department of Energy can publish amendments to the standards after analyses have been performed to determine their technical and economic feasibility. This report summarizes the results of an engineering analysis used to evaluate the technical feasibility of improving the efficiency of RACs. The objectives of this study included: (1) evaluation and selection of a suitable RAC design model, (2) selection of design options that can be used to improve RAC performance, and (3) development of high efficiency RAC designs.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2063 Files in this item: 1
ESL-TR-88-10-02.pdf (23.77Mb) -
Im, P.; Haberl, J. S.; Culp, C.; Yazdani, B. (July 18, 2008)[more][less]
Abstract: In August 2004, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued guidance on quantifying the air emissions benefits from electric sector energy efficiency and renewable energy. Because there was no clear best strategy, the EPA’s guidance provided a framework and the basic requirements needed to demonstrate air quality improvements or emissions reductions with adequate certainty to be incorporated into a State Implementation Plan (SIP) for achieving or maintaining National ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). The Energy Systems Laboratory, with guidance from both the US EPA and the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ), developed the first a comprehensive engineering toolkit and database that satisfies the EPA guidance. The value of this unique tool was demonstrated in 2005 when the ESL, at the request of the TCEQ, used it to develop integrated emissions estimates for all state agencies participating in the Texas Emissions Reduction Plan (TERP). Building on this expertise, the US EPA has established a National Center of Excellence on Displaced Emissions Reductions (CEDER) at the Energy Systems Laboratory to research and gather the state-of-the-art air pollution quantification techniques for Energy Efficiency / Renewable Energy (EE/RE) projects; provide technical support and customized analysis for state and local agencies seeking to estimate the environmental benefits from clean energy policies and programs; and document how a user-friendly tool, based on e2Calc, can be used by clients to fulfill their needs to quantify emissions reductions from energy efficiency and renewable energy measures.
Description: The Energy Systems Laboratory, in fulfillment of its responsibilities, submits this annual report, “Analysis of Emissions Calculators for a National Center of Excellence on Displaced Emissions Reductions (CEDER),”to the United State Environmental Protection Agency.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/85722 Files in this item: 1
ESL-TR-08-03-01.pdf (670.5Kb) -
Yazdani, B.; Culp, C.; Haberl, J.; Baltazar, J. C.; Do, S. L. (Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), February 2009)[more][less]
Abstract: In August 2004, the USEPA issued guidance on quantifying the air emission benefits from electric sector energy efficiency and renewable energy. Because there was no clear best strategy, the EPA’s guidance provided a framework and the basic requirements needed to demonstrate air quality improvements or emission reductions with adequate certainty to be incorporated into a State Implementation Plan (SIP) for achieving or maintaining National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). The Energy Systems Laboratory, with guidance from both the US EPA and the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ), developed the first comprehensive engineering toolkit and database that satisfies the EPA guidelines. The value of this unique tool was demonstrated in 2005 when the Energy Systems Laboratory (ESL), at the request of the TCEQ, used it to develop integrated emissions estimates for all state agencies participating in the Texas Emissions Reduction Plan (TERP). Building on this expertise, the US EPA has established a National Center of Excellence on Displaced Emission Reductions (CEDER) at the Energy Systems Laboratory to research and gather the state-of-the-art on air pollution quantification techniques for Energy Efficiency / Renewable Energy (EE/RE) projects; provide technical support and customized analysis for state and local agencies seeking to estimate the environmental benefits from clean energy policies and programs; and to document how a user-friendly tool, based on e2Calc, can be used by clients to fulfill their needs to quantify emission reductions from energy efficiency and renewable energy measures. The Energy Systems Laboratory, in fulfillment of its responsibilities, submits this annual report, “Analysis of Emissions Calculators for National Center of Excellence on Displaced Emission Reductions (CEDER)” to the United States Environmental Protection Agency. The report is organized in several deliverables: • Summary Report, which details the progress of tasks; • Appendix, which shows the survey documentation, screenshots of emissions calculators, and screenshots for the test of each online emissions calculator. The three main tasks that have been performed in 2008 are as follows: • Task 1: Review existing emissions calculators from U.S. Department of Energy’s EE/RE Building Energy Software Tools Directory. • Task 2: Review and test currently available emissions calculators from the World Wide Web. • Task 3: Assistance with the estimation of Annual Reductions of NOx Emissions in ERCOT for the HB3693 Electricity Savings Goals.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/94627 Files in this item: 1
ESL-TR-09-02-02.pdf (15.43Mb) -
Yazdani, Bahman; Culp, Charles; Haberl, Jeff; Baltazar, Juan-Carlos; Do, Sung Lok (March 2010)[more][less]
Abstract: In August 2004, the USEPA issued guidance on quantifying the air emission benefits from electric sector energy efficiency and renewable energy. Because there was no clear best strategy, the EPA’s guidance provided a framework and the basic requirements needed to demonstrate air quality improvements or emission reductions with adequate certainty to be incorporated into a State Implementation Plan (SIP) for achieving or maintaining National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). The Energy Systems Laboratory, with guidance from both the US EPA and the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ), developed the first comprehensive engineering toolkit and database that satisfies the EPA guidelines. The value of this unique tool was demonstrated in 2005 when the Energy Systems Laboratory (ESL), at the request of the TCEQ, used it to develop integrated emissions estimates for all state agencies participating in the Texas Emissions Reduction Plan (TERP). Building on this expertise, the US EPA has established a National Center of Excellence on Displaced Emission Reductions (CEDER) at the Energy Systems Laboratory to research and gather the state-of-the-art on air pollution quantification techniques for Energy Efficiency / Renewable Energy (EE/RE) projects; provide technical support and customized analysis for state and local agencies seeking to estimate the environmental benefits from clean energy policies and programs; and to document how a user-friendly tool, based on e2Calc, can be used by clients to fulfill their needs to quantify emission reductions from energy efficiency and renewable energy measures.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/90544 Files in this item: 1
CEDER-Annual-Report_2009_.pdf (513.6Kb) -
Bou-Saada, T. E.; Haberl, J. S. (Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), Texas A&M University; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 1993)[more][less]
Abstract: The Child Development Center (CDC) was designed to be a "showpiece" model building. Its construction included energy efficient features, including a photovoltaic system, solar hot water system, energy efficient lighting, and energy efficient heat pumps. The architect's estimate of the energy savings from these measures totaled 31.5 MWh per year, an annual savings of about $1,575 (at $0.05/kWh). The DOE-2 predicted total annual energy use for the CDC with all the ECO's installed is 146,317 kWh or 61,652 Btu/ft2-yr which is a 12% reduction from the DOE-2 predicted energy use of 166,559 kWh (70,181 Btu/ft2-yr using 1 kWh=3,413 Btu) if the ECOs had not been installed.
Description: This report presents the results of a study that verifies the energy savings due to the individual ECOs through the use of a calibrated DOE-2 simulation. The results show that roughly 84% of the savings estimated by the GSA architect can be accounted for by the calibrated simulation. Energy Systems Laboratory Texas A&M University Texas Engineering Experiment Station College Station, Texas
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2132 Files in this item: 1
ESL-TR-93-12-09.pdf (11.79Mb) -
Bou-Saada, T. E.; Haberl, J. S. (Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), Texas A&M University; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 1994)[more][less]
Abstract: The U.S.D.O.E. Forrestal Child Development Center (CDC) was designed to be a "showpiece" model building. Its construction included energy efficient features such as efficient lighting, a photovoltaic system, an energy management system, lighting controls, envelope improvements, clerestory windows, energy efficient heat pumps, and a solar hot water system. The architect's estimate of the energy savings from these measures totaled 31.6 million Watt-hours per year (MWh/yr), an annual savings of about $1,580 (at $0.05/kWh). This study calculated a total annual energy savings of 23.2 MWh per year for the CDC; a savings of $1,160.
Description: This report presents the results of a study that verifies the energy savings due to the individual ECOs through the use of a calibrated DOE-2 simulation. The results show that roughly 73% of the savings estimated by the GSA architect can be accounted for by the calibrated simulation. This compares very well when one considers that the large differences were contributed by the envelope improvements and the clerestory windows. If these two ECOs were omitted, 90% of the savings can be accounted for by the calibrated simulation.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2147 Files in this item: 1
ESL-TR-94-12-11.pdf (14.02Mb) -
Wei, G. (Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), Texas A&M University; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 1997)[more][less]
Abstract: This report presents an analysis of the HVAC system at the Willow Branch Intermediate School for the MEEN 685 class project. The school is located at College Station, Texas. A portion of the school belonged to Oakwood Intermediate School which was built in 1983. It was recently expanded in 1994 and renamed the Willow Branch Intermediate School. It now has a total floor area of 88,617 square feet. The system under investigation is a water-loop heat pump system which provides the HVAC needs for the new building.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2170 Files in this item: 1
ESL-TR-97-03-01.pdf (11.30Mb) -
Liu, Z.; Haberl, J.; Subbarao, K.; Baltazar, J. C. (Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), April 2007)[more][less]
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